Name: 031815 -- Taylor, Brown, Bates, VanBuskirk, Archibald

Updated: 05-15-2019 05:05:79. Owner: Pat Taylor


Individual Page


Family
Marriage: Children:

  1. Louise Gwynne Taylor: Birth: Apr 1815. Death: 13 Oct 1887

  2. Henry Noble Taylor: Birth: 20 Apr 1865 in Franklin Co, Ohio, USA. Death: 10 Nov 1932 in Chicago, Cook, Illinois, USA

  3. John Myers Taylor: Birth: 13 Feb 1867. Death: 9 Apr 1943 in Franklin Co, Ohio, USA

  4. Edward Livingston Taylor: Birth: 10 Aug 1869 in Franklin Co, Ohio, USA. Death: 10 Mar 1938 in Franklin Co, Ohio, USA

  5. Katherine Mae Dill Taylor: Birth: 31 Aug 1874 in Franklin Co, Ohio, USA. Death: 26 Aug 1937 in Morgantown, Burke, N. Carolina


Notes
a. Note:   Capt Edward Livingston Taylor Birth: �Ctab�DMar. 20, 1839 Death: �Ctab�DMay 29, 1910 Note: Co. D. 95th O V I Burial: Green Lawn Cemetery Columbus Franklin County Ohio, USA Plot: Section D Lot 39 Edit Virtual Cemetery info [?] Created by: Dave & Scooter Record added: Aug 27, 2007 Find A Grave Memorial# 21200234 http://books.google.com/books?id=gjhWAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA61&lpg=PA61&dq=Judge+Edward+Livingston+Taylor&source=bl&ots=ikgCj87MSv&sig=7xoCMzqt6QBHfydrXHUDw87vkwI&hl=en&ei=sl2cTpbOGKyhsQLdm_DmBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&sqi=2&ved=0CDwQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Judge%20Edward%20Livingston%20Taylor&f=false The old house and the Taylor-Livingston centenary By Edward Livingston Taylor His favorite club is the Wyandot and to him the great spring in Wyan dot Grove was the American edition of the Perian fountain Colonel Taylor and Mis Catherine N Myers the granddaughter of Colonel John Nobel were married July 14 1 Sti4 Five children were born to them four of whom are living Capt. Co. D 95th O.V.I. and attorney at law in Columbus, Ohio Name: Edward L. Taylor Gender: Male Burial Date: 31 May 1910 Burial Place: Death Date: 29 May 1910 Death Place: Columbus, Franklin, Ohio Age: 71 Birth Date: 20 Mar 1839 Birthplace: Franklin Co., Ohio Occupation: Lawyer Race: White Marital Status: Widowed Spouse's Name: Father's Name: David Taylor Father's Birthplace: Truro, Nova Scotia Mother's Name: Margaret Livingston Mother's Birthplace: Franklin Co. Indexing Project (Batch) Number: B07382-7 System Origin: Ohio-EASy Source Film Number: 2032524 Reference Number: 1910 v 3 fn 1360 Collection: Ohio Deaths and Burials, 1854-1997 29 EDWARD LiviNGSTLN4 TAYLOR Margaret3 Martha David1 b Mar 20 1839 m July 14 1864 Kate Noble Myers b Richmond Miss Jan 10 1842 d Columbus O Sept 27 1894 Mr Taylor was Capt Co D 95th 0 VI and is an attorney at law in Columbus O Their children were i HENRY NOBLE TAYLOR b Apr 20 1865 m Dec 6 1896 Eileen O Hare in Chicago 111 Their children are I EILEEN LOUISE TAYLOR b Aug 25 1S9S II HENRY NOBLE TAYLOR JR b Sept 2 1902 ii JOHN MYERS TAYLOR b Feb 13 1867 m Apr 27 1895 Elizabeth daughter of Gov Jas E Campbell of Ohio b Oct 25 1870 They have children I JAMES E CAMPBELL TAYLOR b Dec 5 1900 iii EDWARD LIVINGSTON TAYLOR JR b Aug 10 1869 m Jan 4 1894 Marie Firestone of Columbus O b Jan 13 1872 They have no children Mr Taylor was elected to the Congress in 1905 and re elected in 1907 iv LOUSIE GWYNNE TAYLOR b May 30 1872 d June 9 1887 v CATHERINE McDiLL TAYLOR b Aug 31 1874 On the 16th day of May 1836 David Taylor was married to Margaret eldest daughter of Judge Edward C Livingston Edward the subject of this sketch was the second son born of that marriage He finished his collegiate education at Miami University Ohio in 1860 and at once commenced the study of law in the office of the late Chauncey N Olds His law studies were interrupted by the war and during June and July 1861 he served as a private in a volunteer company of which MC Lilly was captain This service being terminated he resumed his law studies until July 1862 when he was commissioned to raise a company for the war which he accomplished in a short time and was assigned to the Ninety fifth Ohio Volunteer Regiment In this capacity he served at the battle of Richmond Ky August 30th 1862 when he received a slight wound and was taken prisoner He was released after a few days and served with his regiment in the Army of the Tennessee until the close of the siege of Vicksburg July 4th 1863 During that siege he was seized with a fever which so debilitated him that he was compelled to quit the service and so he resigned his commission July 5th 1803 and retired from the army on account of disability In November 1862 he was admitted to the bar by Supreme Court of Ohio and at the close of the war he the practice of his profession at Columbus where he has ever remained His entire time has been devoted to his profession and he has been employed in many important cases in the and federal courts and has been in association and conflict many of the foremost lawyers in the state and nation Mr Taylor has always been a Republican in politics but has never a candidate for any office Desiring no office himself he has however taken an active part in all the presidential and important campaigns and has rendered his party important service in Ohio and other states On the 14th of July 1864 he married to Catherine N Myers granddaughter of Colonel Noble late of Franklin county Five children have been of this marriage four of whom are now living COLONEL EL TAYLOR Edward Livingston Taylor was born in Franklin county Ohio March 20th 1839 On his father's side his ancestors were of Scotch Irish origin The Taylor family went from Argyleshire Scotland to the North of Ireland about 1612 They remained i i Londonderry and its vicinity until 1721 when they came with a colony to America and settled at what was then called Londonderry now Derry New Hampshire It was at this place that Robert Taylor the father of the late David Taylor and grandfather of Edward the subject of this sketch was born April 16 1759 In 1763 this branch of the family removed from New Hampshire to the Province of Nova Scotia and settled in the town of Truro at the head of the Bay of Fundy It was here that Robert Taylor was married to Mehitable Wilson December 6 1781 and here also David the fourth son of that marriage was born on July 24 1801 In the year 1806 Robert Taylor came with his family from Nova Scotia to Ohio and for two years lived at Chillicothe In the year 1808 he built his house and settled with his family on the west bank of Walnut creek in what is now Truro township in Franklin county This was the first frame house constructed in that part of the county and here he lived until March 28 1828 when he died David Taylor continned tinned to live in Truro township until 1859 when he took up his residence on East Broad street in the city of Columbus where he died on the 29th of July 1889 at the advanced age of eighty eight years On his mother's side he is descended from the now widely spread family of Livingstons His grandfather Judge Edward C Livingston came from the State of New York to Ohio in 1804 and settled in Franklin county He was a man of collegiate education having graduated at Union College New York before coming to Ohio His social and intellectual qualities were of a high order but unlike most of his family he had no taste for politics or public affairs The tendency of his nature was to social and domestic life The home which he erected on the west bank of Alum creek in 1808 became and ever afterwards during his life remained a center of social hospitality His death occurred November 14 1843 He was associate judge for Franklin county from 1821 to 1829 but beyond this he never sought or held any public office When the township of Montgomery which includes the city of Columbus was organized in 1807 its name was given to it by Judge Livingston in honor of General Richard Montgomery with whom his father had served in the Revolutionary war. History of Columbus celebration, Franklinton centennial By Stephen A. Fitzpatrick, Ulysses S. Morris Hon. Edward L. Taylor. - Representing two of the oldest families in Franklin County, the Taylors and Livingstons, Edward L. Taylor, Jr., in his work as a lawyer at the Columbus bar through a third of a century, with eight years in Congress as representative of the Twelfth Ohio District, has added some important new distinctions to the worthy family traditions in Ohio. Mr. Taylor is general counsel for one of the largest oil refining and distributing companies in the country, the Pure Oil Company. The history of the Taylor family is traced back in unbroken line to the early years of the 17th century. About 1612 a branch of the family moved from Scotland to the north of Ireland. In 1722 Matthew Taylor came to America and settled among other Scotch-Irish people in the colony at Derry, New Hampshire. After the close of the French and English War in 1763, when the English dominion was extended over Canada, a number of pioneers from the original English colonies moved into the New English territory. Matthew Taylor, a son of the original settler, Matthew, about 1764, with his wife and children, settled in Nova Scotia. One of the children was Robert Taylor, who was born in 1759. He grew up at Truro, Nova Scotia, where in 1781 he married Mehetabel Wilson. Robert Taylor in 1806 brought his family to Ohio and after two years at Chillicothe moved to Franklin County, and in 1808 built a house on the west bank of Walnut Creek in what is now Truro Township. This was the first frame house in that part of the country. He lived there until his death in 1828. Truro Township in Franklin County was named for the old community of Nova Scotia from which the Taylor family came. David Taylor, a son of Robert Taylor, was born at Truro, Nova Scotia, July 24, 1801, and he grew up at the old homestead in Franklin County. In 1826 he married Nancy T. Nelson and then established a home near his father's old place and in 1858 moved to the city of Columbus, where he lived until his death in 1889. The third wife of David Taylor was Margaret Livingston. They were married in May, 1836. She was the oldest daughter of Judge Edward Chinn Livingston, and a granddaughter of Colonel James Livingston. Colonel James Livingston was born in New York, was a lawyer by profession, and was practicing law in Quebec when the Revolutionary War began. He left Canada and returning to his native state became a colonel in the Continental line and served in the Quebec expedition under General Richard Montgomery. It was at his suggestion that the township of Montgomery in Franklin County was so named. Colonel Livingston after the war, as one of the patriots who had returned from Canada to espouse the cause of independence, was given a grant of land in what was known as the "refugee" tract in Ohio, then the northwest territory. His land was in Franklin County and included a portion of the present city of Columbus. The Livingston farm embraced the present Livingston Park, as well as additional land lying along Livingston Avenue, which was named for Judge Edward C. Livingston, who came to Ohio in 1800. He was a graduate of Union College, New York, and was an able lawyer, but never active in politics, though he was associate judge of Franklin County from 1821 until 1829. His home was in that section where the original Livingston farm was located and on the west bank of Alum Creek. Of the same New York family were Philip and Robert Livingston, signers of the Declaration of Independence. Edward L. Taylor, Sr., second son of David and Margaret (Livingston) Taylor, was born in Franklin County, March 20, 1839, and was graduated from Miami University in 1860. He began the study of law in Columbus, and when the Civil War broke out he served as a private in a volunteer company, and in 1862 raised a company and was commissioned an officer of the 95th Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He participated in the siege of Vicksburg, but at its close was incapacitated for further duty and resigned his commission. He was admitted to the bar in 1862 and for a great many years was a strong and able lawyer of the capital city. He was a staunch Republican but never consented to be a candidate for any important political office. On July 14, 1864, he married Catherine Noble Myers, a granddaughter of Colonel John Noble of Franklin County. Edward L. Taylor, Jr., third son of Edward L. Taylor, was one of five children born to his parents. He was born in Columbus, August 10, 1869, and was reared there. He was graduated from Columbus High School in 1887, and studied law in his father's office. He was admitted to the bar in December, 1891, and for a number of years was associated with his father and his uncle Henry Taylor, in the practice of law. In the general election of 1899 he was elected prosecuting attorney of Franklin County, defeating Albert Lee Thurman, a grandson of the Democratic statesman, Allen E. Thurman. He was reelected in 1901 and in the fall of 1904 was elected to represent the Twelfth Ohio District in the 59th Congress, taking his seat on March 4, 1905. He was reelected for three successive terms, serving the Sixtieth, Sixty first and Sixty second Congresses. He was regarded as one of the ablest members of the Ohio delegation in Congress during the early years of the present century, and he was elevated to membership on the appropriation committee. In 1912 he was defeated for reelection and since then has devoted his time and abilities to the law practice. His law firm handled the organization of the Pure Oil Company and in 1921 Mr. Taylor, in association with Mr. A. C. Harvey, became general counsel for the corporation. Within a few years this organization has expanded its facilities until it is one of the greatest oil producing and refining companies in the world. On January 4, 1894, Mr. Taylor was united in marriage with Miss Marie Agnes Firestone, of Columbus. Her father, the late Clinton D. Firestone, was for many years president of the Columbus Buggy Company, a great establishment known for many years as the carriage and vehicle factory, and later a pioneer establishment for the manufcature of automobiles. Mr. Taylor was crowned a Thirty third Degree Mason in the Northern Mason Jurisdiction of the United States, and is a member of Scioto Consistory, Thirty second Degree. He belongs to Aladdin Temple, of which he was Past Potentate in 1908 and 1909. He is also a member of the Columbus Club. From: History of Franklin County, Ohio By:Opha Moore Historical Publishing Company Topeka - Indianapolis 1930 IF THE American Indian collectively speaking could revisit not only the pale glimpses of the moon his heaven hung calendar but his ancient hunting grounds in the Upper Scioto valley he would intuitively stop at 331 East Town street ascend the broad and white limestone steps wondering at the glittering brass bannisters and pay obeisance to his nineteenth and twentieth century friend Edward Livingston Taylor lawyer soldier historian litterateur and bon vivant Colonel Taylor was born in Franklin county March 20 1839 and was the second son of David and Margaret Livingston Taylor the children of the earliest pioneers in this section of Ohio and themselves entitled to be enrolled among Buckeye pioneers The ancestors of Edward Livingston Taylor were refugees from Canada where they were settled when the war of the Revolution came on the Livingston branch at Montreal and the Taylor branch at Truro Nova Scotia which is at the head of the bay of Fundy Their estates were confiscated because of their sympathy with struggling colonists Taylor the progenitor of this branch of the Taylor family in America came from Londonderry Ireland and settled in New Hampshire in 1721 They were what is commonly called Scotch Irish but were originally from Scotland Robert Livingston In came from Scotland and settled at Albany New York in 1696 In 1802 what is known in law and history a tract of land four and one half miles wide from north to south and about forty eight from east to west was set apart by congress for the benefit of refugees from Canada and Nova Scotia designated in the act as the Refugee Tract The north line of this tract is what is now Fifth avenue and the south line is Steelton in the city of Columbus On the west the tract begins at the east bank of the Scioto river and extends east to the Muskingum river On this tract both the Taylor and Livingston families settled the Taylors in 1807 and the Livingstons in 1804 the former on Walnut creek and the latter on Alum creek Their descendants still own and occupy these lands after more than a hundred years This particular branch of the Taylor family came into recorded history in Argyleshire Scotland rbetween two and three centuries ago They were noted for their great physical stature and the present generation here in Ohio keep up to the standard Colonel Taylor being a little over six feet and exactly proportioned while his sons come up to the ancient Scotch standard and the same physical characteristic marks nearly all the members of the other branches of the Ohio family After passing through the public schools of Columbus he graduated from Miami University in 1860 and began the study of law with Hon Chauncey N Olds being admitted to the bar in 1862 while at home on leave of absence from the military lines The Civil war intervening ere he had yet completed his studies he recruited a company of volunteers of which he was made captain and which was assigned to the Ninety fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry He was wounded and taken prisoner at the battle of Richmond Kentucky August 30 1862 but was shortly afterward exchanged and rejoined his command and served to the end of the siege of Vicksburg July 4 1863 Then with broken health and an enfeebled physical system with but slight hope of regaining his former robust condition he resigned his commission and came home His recovery was tedious but in the end was complete and continued so until some six or eight years ago when his carriage was run down by a traction car and he received severe and dangerous injuries which at times has interfered with his former active life Entering upon the practice of law in 1864 his progress was so rapid that in a few years he was recognized as one of the leading lawyers in central Ohio and enjoyed a very large and lucrative practice in all our state and federal courts He prepared his cases with great care and presented them to both courts and juries with great force and abil ity During his active professional life there was hardly an important case tried in our local courts in which he was not one of the leading attorneys on one side or the other He was never a case lawyer but like all great lawyers of this state he was thoroughly versed in the fundamental principles of law and he applied those principles to the facts of each case as they arose and thus in time he became recognized as a very able and profound lawyer and while he remained in practice his services were solicited by litigants in nearly all the important cases arising in Franklin county during that period as well as many celebrated cases tried in our federal courts Colonel Taylor is a most facile and graceful writer and the subjects he has written of cover a wide field His brochure and articles placing the American Indian on his proper plane and analyzing his character will attract and enlighten the historians of the next two or three centuries His contribution to the study of Ohio's archaealogy he being an honorary member of the society are of great scientific as well as ethnological value They are to be found in the quarterly volumes of the Ohio Archaeological and Historical Society's publications Being a man of great physical proportions he was none the less endowed with physical activity and took infinite delight in outdoor sports and especially outdoor exercises in search of nature's inspiration and the native conditions by which he sought to trace the processes of the ages Geology has been his favorite study and he knows every ravine on the Scioto and other streams in Franklin county and their geological formations His favorite club is the Wyandot and to him the great spring in Wyandot Grove was the American edition of the Perian fountain Colonel Taylor and Miss Catherine N Myers the granddaughter of Colonel John Nobel were married July 14 1864 Five children were born to them four of whom are living No sketch of our subject would be complete without some reference to his social life For years he has been known throughout his home city as the Prince of Entertainers and during his whole life he has made it a practice to entertain many of the distinguished people who have visited Columbus on business or pleasure during that time Some of our most learned and eloquent men have been pleased to pass their entire time in our city as guests under his hospitable roof and have found the greatest pleasure and profit in his company and society Since his retirement from the active practice Colonel Taylor has been leading an ideal life His time is given up to his books and writing articles upon his favorite subjects for magazines periodicals and papers and they have been received with such favor that his reputation has become national on several historical subjects Whatever time Colonel Taylor now gives to relaxation from his studies and writings he spends in entertaining his numerous friends It is said that an invitation to the White House is always regarded as a command but an invitation to dine with Colonel Taylor carries such pleasure to the recipient that they are always accepted To those who are thus favored there is no greater pleasure in life than to dine at Colonel Taylor's home and pass a few hours listening to his delightful conversation upon all subjects and especially upon the early history and traditions of their state with which no man is more familiar So surrounded by the members of a numerous and influential family and by a still larger number of devoted friends his days of retirement are perhaps the most pleasant and profitable of a long and useful life. History of madison Twp. including Groveport and Canal Winchester
b. Note:   HI5146
Note:   (Research):THE OHIO INDIANS Address at Franklinton Centennial by Col EL Taylor September 15 1897 We are engaged to day in celebrating an event of a hundred years ago which was then apparently unimportant but which has led on to great and permanent results A hundred years ago a few intelligent and determined white men settled here in the then unbroken wilderness which settlement soon became and has ever since remained the center of a far pervading salutary influence It was one of the important and permanent steps toward reducing to cultivation and civilization the great wilderness of the Northwest of which Ohio was a part When we look abroad and behold the wondrous transformation which has taken place since Lucas Sullivant and his few associates built their cabins near this spot our minds are filled with amazement at the results and our hearts with thankfulness and gratitude to Him who has so wisely guided and bounteously blest us as a community and a people This event was the beginning of the settlement of Central Ohio and the foundation of the present City of Columbus which now embraces the town of Franklinton If there had been no Franklinton there would have been no Columbus and so those few rude cabins have within a hundred years developed into a great and properous city with its trade and commerce and thousands of happy homes The celebration of this event will be of ever increasing interest as the centuries go by It marked a new and most important era in the history of Ohio and particularly in that of Franklin and adjoining counties It was but eleven years before the settlement of Franklinton that so intelligent a statesman as James Monroe after a visit to the then wilderness of Ohio for the purpose of informing himself as accurately as possible as to the character and condition of the Northwest territory wrote to Thomas Jefferson as follows A great part of the territory is miserably poor especially that near Lakes Michigan and Erie and that upon the Mississippi and the Illinois consists of extensive plains which have not had from appearances and will not have a single bush on them for ages The districts therefore within which these fall will perhaps never contain a sufficient number of inhabitants to entitle them to membership in the confederacy of states and in the meantime the people who may settle within them will be governed by the resolutions of Congress in which they will not be represented The territory referred to by Mr Monroe included what is now the States of Ohio Indiana Illinois Michigan and Wisconsin At that time there were no permanent settlements by the white race within all this vast territory and with the exception of a few French traders and a few captives among the Indians there were within it no white people It was an unclaimed and unbroken wilderness Within this territory there are now five of the most populous and prosperous states in the Union containing half a hundred cities and many hundreds of prosperous town and villages and a population of fifteen millions of people living under conditions of prosperity and happiness of morality and intelligence not surpassed by any community of equal magnitude which has ever existed in the history of the world For all of this we should rejoice and be exceedingly glad but in our rejoicing we must not forget that other peoples and other races once occupied this territory and here lived and energized for many centuries possibly for several thousands of years before die advent of the white man It is concerning these our immediate predecessors the Indians and their manner of life that I have been requested to speak to day We are too apt to think of the Indian as a lurking dangerous unrelenting savage infesting the forest and living without laws or restrictions of any kind and with no intentions but of evil This view is both erroneous and unjust It is true that they were alert and dangerous as enemies when once they were made enemies but when we shall have learned a broader charity and truth instead of prejudice and fiction shall be recorded as history it will be found that the Indian has not always been the aggressor and was not by nature the cruel savage as generally assumed and represented We the white people have written all the history so far but a more impartial review will yet be made when it will appear that the cruel and vindictive acts of the Indians were largely the result of the cruel and vindictive acts of the white men They were not at worst more fierce or savage than many of the white men with whom they came in contact and in truth they could not have been for history records no darker or bloodier crimes than those which have been committed by our race against the Indian tribes The massacre of the Moravian Indians in 1782 on the soil of Ohio in the now county of Tuscarawas and the murder of Chief Cornstalk and his son Elenipsies in 1777 at Point Pleasant will always remain among the darkest most dreadful and disgraceful pages in American history A thousand other atrocities of various natures shame and disgrace the history of our contact with the Indian tribes whom we call savages and largely rob us of the right to claim superiority over them save in the matter of education and physical force They had no written laws but they had rules of tribal and family government which had all the force of laws They had no written language and but a limited vocabulary but many of them were gifted with marvelous eloquence of speech and it would be easy to cite among their reported speeches numerous examples of eloquence which except for want of classic form would rank little below the best efforts of the best English speaking orators They had neither courts nor judges but they dealt justly with each other and guarded individual rights with jealous care They had no military schools but they developed brave and skillful warriors and the names of Pontiac Tecumseh Crane Cornstalk Solamon and many other chiefs will remain a permanent part of the history of the long and bloody contests between the Indian tribes and white men for the possession of the territory of the great Northwest At the time of the first settlement along the New England and New Jersey shores by the white man that portion of the country was occupied by the Algonquin linguistic family divided however into many tribes or clans The entire territory of New York and the territory immediately around the borders of Lake Erie including a portion of northern Ohio was occupied by the Iriquois family Both of these linguistic families had many subdivisions of tribes but all the tribes of the same family spoke substantially the same language The encroachments of the white man from our Eastern shores westward gradually drove the Algonquin Indians to the west and they were thus compelled to seek new territory whereon to settle and in doing so they necessarily impinged upon other tribes particularly upon the Iriquois This brought on wars which greatly disturbed the original conditions of the tribes and wrought great changes both in their numbers and locations These conflicts were further complicated by wars between the French upon one side and the English upon the other as these two nations were for a long period of time actively contending for dominion on this continent The result of all this was broken and disseminated tribes of both the Algonquin and the Iriquois families some of which found lodgment in various portions of Ohio Our immediate predecessors in the occupancy of Ohio were the Miamis Shawnees Delawares and Ottaways of the Algonquin linguistic family and the Wyandots and Mingos of the Iriquois linguistic family There were also in the eastern and northeastern part of the State a few of the Senecas and Tuscarawas who were of the Iriquois family Their occupancy however was for hunting purposes and temporary in character their permanent homes being farther east in New York and northern Pennsylvania Their tribal relations were with the Six Nations of the Iriquois In the early part of this century some of the Senecas broke away from their original tribal relations and settled near Sandusky within the territory claimed by the Wyandots They were inconsiderable both in numbers and influence and came into Ohio after the formation of the State and cannot therefore be considered as having an original occupancy of the country The Mingos were but a small tribe a branch of the Iriquois which formerly occupied the eastern portion of the State near Steubenville and later settled upon the banks of the Scioto where the City of Columbus now stands They had but three small villages one in front of and south from where the Ohio Penitentiary tiary now stands another was at the west end of the Harrisburg bridge where the City Work House is now located and the other was near the east end of what is called the Green Lawn Avenue bridge Logan was their most noted chief and at one time possessed great influence not only over his own but all the other tribes northwest of the Ohio The Delawares came from the region of the Delaware and Susquehanna Rivers in Pennsylvania and settled for a time along the Muskingum and later upon the Auglaize in northwestern Ohio on territory claimed by the Miamis and Wyandots Later still they moved from the Auglaize to the White River in Indiana which is a branch of the Wabash They were at one time before they came to Ohio conquered by the five nations of Iri quois and called women and reduced to the grade of women but after their advent in Ohio they showed themselves to be brave in war and skillful in the chase and in part redeemed their reputation and standing with the other tribes The Shawnees after wandering over a wide extent of territory including the States of Florida Georgia and Tennessee from which country they were driven by the Creeks and Semi noles and other Southern tribes made their lodgment in Ohio along the lower Scioto in what is now Pickaway and Ross counties and sought the protection of the Miamis and Delawares At this time Black Hoof was their principal chief but later at the battle of fallen timbers in August 1794 Blue Jacket was chief in authority of this tribe They were exceedingly restless and aggressive and constantly annoyed the early settlers in Virginia and Kentucky and it was as against this tribe that the military expedition of Lord Dunmore in 1774 was particularly directed When he had reached the Scioto about seven miles south from where Circleville now stands the Indians sued for peace and the celebrated conference took place by which the Shawnees agreed not to again hunt or conduct marauding expeditions south of the Ohio The Mingoes did not attend that conference and while Lord Dunmore's main army was centered in Pickaway county he sent a detachment under Captain Crawford to destroy the Mingo towns where Columbus now stands Of this expedition the late Joseph Sullivant in his most excellent address before the pioneers of Franklin county in 1871 narrates that he had often heard from Jonathan Alder who had been long a captive among the Indians but who in after years lived upon the Darby in this county and with whom Mr Sullivant had a close personal acquaintance that he Alder had heard from the Indians that in the fall of 1774 when all the male Indians of the neighboring villages except a few old men had gone on their first fall hunt one day about noon the village was surprised by the sudden appearance of a body of armed white men who immediately commenced firing upon all whom they could see Great consternation and panic ensued and the inhabitants fled in every direction One of the Indian women seized her child of five or six years of age and rushed down the bank of the river and across to the wooded island opposite when she was shot down at the farther bank The child was unhurt amid the shower of balls and escaped into the thicket and hid in a huge hollow sycamore standing in the middle of the island where it was found alive two days afterwards when the warriors of the tribe returned having been summoned back to the scene of disaster by runners sent for that purpose This wooded and shady island was a favorite place for us boys when we went swimming and fishing and I have no doubt but that the huge sycamore is well remerribered by many besides myself This seems to have virtually ended the Mingos as a separate tribe or as a tribe of influence They were not of the tribes who were parties to the treaty of Greenville in 1795 although all the important tribes northwest of the Ohio and east of the Mississippi were parties to that treaty However at that time there were some of the Mingos still living along the head waters of Mad River in what is now Champaign and Logan counties which territory belonged to the Miamis and the Mingos had no territorial right therein The Ottawas formerly occupied the region of the Ottawa river of Canada which empties into the St Lawrence at Montreal and which still retains the name of that tribe From this region they were driven westward to the northern portion of Michigan afterwards to the region of Green Bay Wisconsin still later being driven from one place to another by the Iriquois a fragment of the tribe at last settled in Ohio in the country of the Maumee They joined in the treaty of Greenville August 3d 1795 They had long been considered a cowardly tribe yet they produced the great Pontiac who was beyond question the greatest of Indian chiefs and warriors of which we have any accurate knowledge The Miamis occupied all the western portion of Ohio all of Indiana and a large portion of what is now the State of Illinois This tribe had long occupied that territory and were once the most numerous and powerful of the tribes in the Northwest They had no tradition of ever having lived in any other portion of the country and so they must have occupied this territory for many generations Their principal villages were along the head waters of the two Miamis of the Ohio and the Miami of the Lake now the Maumee and along the waters of the Wabash in Indiana as far south as the vicinity of Vincennes At the time of the treaty of Greenville they had been greatly reduced in numbers and in power but were the oldest occupants of the Ohio territory The Wyandots were a branch of the Hurons and when first met with by the French explorers along the St Lawrence occupied the vast peninsula embraced between Lake Ontario and Lake Erie on the east and south and Lake Huron on the west Early in the seventeenth century a fierce and unrelenting war broke out between the Hurons and the Iriquois The Hurons had been furnished with fire arms by the French and the Iriquois by the Hollanders which inaugurated among the Indians a new instrument and a new mode of warfare The result was unexpectedly and overwhelmingly in favor of the Iriquois and the Hurons were driven from the line of the St Lawrence and the country of Lake Ontario and Lake Erie over to the eastern shore of Lake Huron and to the Manitoulin Islands in Georgian Ray But the aggressions of the Iriquois did not cease there and the Hurons were ultimately driven further north and west to the region of northern Lake Michigan and western Lake Superior perior They were afterwards collected and concentrated largely about the Straits of Mackinac and later still found their way down Lake Huron and took possession of the country from Lake St Clair south along the Detroit river across Lake Erie to the mouth of the Sandusky river thence up that river to the ridge of the State in Wyandot Marion and Crawford counties in which territory they had their principal villages They extended their occupance of the country south as far at least as the Shawnee settlements on the lower Scioto They hunted and trapped along all the streams between the Little Miami and the Muskingum They also expanded to the west of this general line along the southern shore of Lake Erie as far as the Maumee river and to the east almost if not quite to the eastern boundary of the State which last region had once been the home of the Eries but they had before this time been exterminated by the Iriquois Lake Erie obtained its name from that tribe and still retains the same although the tribe has long been exterminated The Miamis claimed the right of possession in the territory between the Scioto and the Miamis and they were at one time in possession of and entitled to the same but in time the Wyandots seemed to have been accorded the right thereto The main villages of the Wyandots were near the present city of Detroit and along the line of the Sandusky river their principal settlement being in Wyandot county Ohio where Upper Sandusky now stands The Wyandots were admitted to be the leading tribe among the Indians in the territory of the Northwest To them was intrusted the grand calumet which united all the tribes in that territory in a confederacy for mutual protection and gave them the right to assemble the tribes in council and to kindle the council fires This confederation included in addition to the tribes before mentioned the Kickapoos and Potawatamies who lived about Lake Michigan and the Chippewas of the upper lake region Their entire military strength however was not to exceed 3,000 warriors at the time of the treaty of Greenville in 17 5 although their strength had been much greater at a former period General Harrison in his address before the Historical Society of Cincinnati in 1839 speaking of the Wyandots says Their bravery has never been questioned although there was certainly a considerable difference between the several tribes in this rspect With all but the Wyandots flight in battle when meeting with unexpected resistance or obstacles brought with it no disgrace It was considered a principle of tactics With the Wyandots it was otherwise Their youths were taught to consider anything that had the appearance of an acknowledgment of the superiority of an enemy as disgraceful In the battle of the Miami Rapids of thirteen chiefs of that tribe who were present only one survived and he was badly wounded This battle which is generally known as the battle of fallen timbers was farreaching in its results favorable to the conquests of the Northwest by the white man It is here worthy of remark that at this battle two of the most remarkable men of their time first came in conflict namely William Henry Harrison then a young officer and Tecumseh then a young warrior These men were destined to be in contact and conflict for more than twenty years and until Tecumseh met his death at the battle of the Thames October 5th 1813 where he was in command of the Indian forces allied with the English under Proctor and General Harrison was in command of the American forces It is further related of the Wyandots that when General Wayne was in command of the Army of the Northwest in 1793 he instructed Captain Wells who commanded a company of scouts and who had previously been long a captive with the Indians to go to Sandusky and bring in a prisoner for the purpose of obtaining information Captain Wells replied that he could bring in a prisoner but not from Sandusky because there were none but Wyandots at Sandusky and they would not be taken alive Historical Society of Ohio Vol 1 page 266 The Chief Sachem of the Wyandots as far back as the treaty of the Muskingum Marietta June 9 1789 was Tarhe the Crane who was even at that remote period the most influential chief of his tribe and continued to be such until the time of his death which was subsequent to the peace of 1814 He was the leading spirit at the treaty of Greenville and used his great influence ence to secure the ratification of that treaty by the various tribes and continued his efforts and influence in behalf of peace at every treaty and conference to which his tribe was a party down to the conference with General Harrison at Franklinton June 21 1813r and until his death He never lost his influence either with his own or other tribes with whom they were in confederation He was a wise just and honorable chief and at all times sought to subserve the best and truest interests of both the Indian and the white race and commanded the respect and confidence of both Another chief of the Wyandots who had great wisdom and firmness and so great influence with his tribe was Sha Tey Ya Ron Yah Leatherlips So great was his influence with the Sandusky Wyandots it was deemed by the Prophet and other turbulent spirits that he should be gotten out of the way and so they had him executed June 1st 1810 The pretence was witchcraft but the real cause was the stand he took with his tribe to prevent the war which Tecumseh and the Prophets were then endeavoring to bring about between the Indians and the British on one side and the Americans upon the other It was simply a political murder The virtues of this honorable chief have been commemorated by a suitable monument erected by the Wyandot Club of Columbus in 1888 on the spot where he was executed These northern tribes of which we have been making mention had long been at enmity and war with the tribes south of the Ohio particularly with the Cherokees Chickasaws and Ca tawbas and many were the fierce conflicts which took place between these warring people In the traditions which the Miamis give of their own history they state that they had been at war with the Cherokees and Chickasaws for so long a period of time that they had no account of any time when there had been peace between them I refer to this particularly to day as we are assembled on the banks of the Scioto which was for centuries one of the important military highways over and along which the northern tribes traveled in their numerous war expeditions against the tribes south of the Ohio The importance of this river as a highway for the Indians in former times can only be understood and appreciated by remembering its direction and its physical relations to other streams and waters If we draw a line directly from the mouth of the Scioto north to the mouth of the Sandusky River it will practically parallel the Scioto as far north as the center of Marion county thence it will lead over the divide or ridge of the State and follow the general line of the Sandusky River to its mouth where it empties into the Sandusky Bay Continuing the line further north across Lake Erie it will lead directly to the mouth of the Detroit River by which all the waters of the Great Northern Lakes are reached From the mouth of the Detroit River there is a chain of islands in sight one of another which stretch entirely across Lake Erie to Sandusky Bay and the mouth of the Sandusky River and this was the route of the Indians across Lake Erie in fair weather These islands afforded lodging places in the case of sudden storms aoid bad weather and so made it comparatively safe for the Indians to cross Lake Erie in their canoes in the summer season which was the season when they went to war and on their marauding expeditions So it will be seen that nature had provided a direct water way from the Northern Lakes to the Ohio River by way of the Sandusky and the Scioto over which the operations of war and the avocations of the chase were carried on for centuries by the Indians and probably at a still more remote period by other races of men who preceded them in the occupation of this portion of the country As illustrating the fierce nature of the conflicts between the tribes north of the Ohio and those south of it in times past it is an important fact that no tribes lived along the banks of that river or permanently occupied the contiguous territory The Ohio as it flowed through the wilderness was and has always been considered one of the most beautiful rivers on the globe and its banks presented every allurement to and advantage of permanent occupation Yet there was not on it from its source to its mouth a distance of more than a thousand miles a single wigwam or structure in the nature of a permanent abode General William Henry Harrison in his address before the Historical Society of Ohio says Of all this immense territory the most beautiful portion was unoccupied Numerous villages were to be found on the Scioto and the head waters of the two Miamis of the Ohio on the Miami of the Lake the Maumee and its southern tributaries and throughout the whole course of the Wabash at least as low as the present town of Vincennes but the beautiful Ohio rolled its amber tide until it paid its tribute to the father of waters through an unbroken solitude At and before that time and for a century after its banks were without a town or single village or even a single cottage the curling smoke of whose chimneys would give the promise of comfort and refreshment to a weary traveler This was the result of the long and fierce struggle which was waged between the Indians north of the Ohio and those south of it Its banks were not safe for permanent occupation by any of the Indian tribes Even the vast and fertile territory of Kentucky was not so far as known or as tradition informs us the permanent abode of any considerable number of red men It was indeed a dark and bloody ground long before its occupancy by the white men In that territory there were great numbers of buffalo and wild deer and other game which made it a most desirable hunting ground and hither came the Cherokees and Chickasaws of the south as also the tribes north of the Ohio to hunt and to obtain salt and to wage war with each other but it was not the permanent abode of any considerable number of any of these tribes It was rather a battle ground and seat of conflict between the northern and southern tribes which had been waged for a long period of time The Scioto River was originally of great importance not only to the Indians but to the early white settlers The first surveyors and the first settlers came to this vicinity in canoes the Scioto then being well suited for canoe navigation In a memorial of the Sullivant family prepared by the late Joseph Sullivant will be found page 111 an interesting narration of his father's experience on one of his early trips to this localty He had instructed the men who had preceded him in canoes to leave one for him at the mouth of what is now the Olentangy River He came through the forest on foot and found the canoe which had been left according to his instruction It was toward evening when he pushed it into the Scioto and started up that stream for the mouth of Mill Creek where his party was in wait for him He soon perceived that he was being followed by Indians along the north bank of the river and as the times were turbulent he was apprehensive for his own safety By the time he had propelled his canoe as far as the island in the bend of the river at the stone quarries it had become dark and he went upon the island as if intending to camp for the night He pretended to build a fire but so managed that it made only smoke When it was sufficiently dark he took his compass and gun and quietly waded out from the island to the west bank of the river and thus escaped his pursuers it m All the tribes in Ohio had practically the same government or tribal organization although they may have differed in many details In the social organization of the Wyandots there were four groups the family the gens the phratry and the tribe The family was the household It consisted of the persons who occupied one lodge or wigwam The gens were composed of consanguineal kindred in the female line The woman is the head of the family and carries the gens and each gens has the name of some animal Among the Wyandots there were eleven gentes namely Deer Bear Striped Turtle Black Turtle Mud Turtle Smooth Large Turtle Hawk Beaver Wolf Sea Snake and Porcupine A tribe is a body of kindred and to be a member of the tribe it was necessary to belong to some family or to be adopted into a family The white captives were often adopted into families and given the relationship of the family The phratry pertained to medical and religious rites and observances There was practically a complete separation of the military from the social government The councils and chiefs in the social government were selected by a council of women from the male members of the gens The Sachem of the tribe or tribal chief was chosen by the chiefs of the gentes In their grand councils the heads of the households of the tribe and all the leading men of the tribe took part These general councils were conducted with great ceremony mony The Sachem explained the object for which the council was assembled and then each person was at liberty to express his opinion as to what was proper or best to be done If a majority of the council agreed the Sachem did not speak but simply announced the decision In case there was an equal division of sentiment the Sachem was expected to speak It was considered dishonorable for a man to reverse his opinion after he had once expressed it The wife had her separate property which consisted of everything in the lodge or wigwam except the implements of war and chase which belonged to the men Each gens had a right to the services of all its availabe male in avenging wrongs and in times of war They also had right to their services as hunters in supplying game to the villages In times of need or scarcity whatever game was brought the camp or village was fairly divided among all present The council was composed of all the able bodied men of the Each gens had a right to the services of all the able bodied women in the cultivation of the soil It was considered beneath the dignity of the Indian hunter or warrior to labor in the fields or to perform manual labor outside of what pertained to war and chase The children assisted the women in the cultivation of the crops which consisted mostly of corn although they also cultivated beans and peas and in some parts of Ohio at least they had a kind of potato which the captives among the Indians say when peeled and dipped in coon's fat or bear's fat tasted like our sweet potatoes They also made considerable use of nuts berries particularly of the walnut and hickory nut and black haw all of which were found in almost every part of the state The cranberry was also found in certain places and much used The Mingo Indians at this point cultivated the rich bottom land between Franklinton and the river which was subject to annual overflows so that it was constantly enriched and yielded most abundant returns for the labor bestowed upon it Their great annual occasion was the green corn festival For festival the hunters supplied the game from the forests and women the green corn and vegetables from the fields On this occasion they not only feasted themselves with plenty but made offerings and did homage to the Great Spirit for his blessings At this festival each year the council of women of the gens selected the names of the children born during the previous year and the chiefs of the gens proclaimed these names at the festival These names could not be changed but an additional name might be acquired by some act of bravery or circumstance which might reflect honor upon the person The crimes generally recognized and punished by the Ohio tribes were murder treason theft adultery and witchcraft In case of murder it was the duty of the gentile chiefs of the offender's gens to examine the facts for themselves and if they failed to settle the matter it was the duty of the nearest relative to avenge the wrong Theft was punished by twofold restitution Treason consisted of revealing the secrets of the medicine preparations as well as giving information or assistance to the enemy and was punished by death Witchcraft was also punishable by death either by stabbing burning or with the tomahawk As late as June 1810 Chief Leatherlips Shateyaronyah an aged chief of the Wyandots was executed under the charge of witchcraft in this country He was dispatched with a tomahawk For the first offense of adultery in a woman her hair was cropped for repeated offences her left ear was cut off Outlawry was also recognized among most of the tribes and consisted of two grades If convicted of the lowest grade and the man thereafter committed similar crimes it was lawful for any person to kill him In outlawry of the highest grade it was the duty of any member of the tribe who might meet with the offender to kill him When the Indians determined upon a war expedition they usually observed the war dance and then started for their objective point They did not move in a compact body but broke up into small parties each of which would take a different way to a common point of assembly This was necessary as they had to subsist upon the game which they might be able to take while on the way and it was difficult if not impossible to secure game sufficient to sustain a large number of warriors on any one line of travel They traveled light and fast and this made them dangerous as enemies They would strike when not expected and disappear as suddenly and quickly as they had appeared In this way they were able to subsist and elude pursuit Their captives in war and in their forays were sometimes shot sometimes burned sometimes adopted into a family and converted into Indians The white captives as a rule soon acquired the woodcraft and habits of their captors Some of them became inveterate and active foes of the white man Simon Girty may be mentioned as an example of this class He was called the White Indian He was celebrated for his cunning and craftiness and no Indian surpassed him in these qualities He is often and usually cited as an example of extreme cruelty but it is said in truth that he saved many captives from death and it is probable that injustice has been done to him by inaccurate and prejudiced writers It was in the Summer season that the Indians congregated in their villages That was also the season when they went to war or on their forays against the white settlers In the winter season the villages were practically deserted as it was their custom to separate into small parties usually that of the near relatives or as we would say members of the household including the old men women and children They would go into different localities and select a spot usually along a stream of water or by the side of a lake or spring where in the autumn or early winter they would erect a lodgment where the old men women and children might sojourn through the winter The hunters would then separate and go in different directions and select a place or camp from which to hunt and trap so as not to impinge upon each other always keeping relation with the main camp or lodge to which they supplied meat for subsistence They would of course change these camps according to their pleasure or their necessities but at the end of the season they would gather the results of their winter's hunt and proceed back to their villages It was their custom during the hunting season to collect the fat of the beaver the raccoon and the bear and to secure it in the paunches or entrails of large animals which the women had prepared for that purpose and this was transported or conveyed to their villages for future use They also made sugar in the spring of the year when the sap began to run and this they also put into the entrails of animals for preservation and transportation to their summer villages This sugar they mixed with the fat of the bear and that of other animals and cooked it with the green corn and such vegetables as they had and thus made what they considered a most savory food They were often reduced to great distress for want of food and often died from hunger and exposure They were not only improvident but they had no means of securing large stores of provisions for future use and never acquired the art of so doing When they had plenty they would use it with extravagance and improvidence but they were capable of enduring great hunger and fatigue It was common for the Indian to be days without food of any kind but they seem never to have profited by such experiences The time when they were most likely to be distressed for want of food was in the winter when a crust would be formed upon the snow so that when in walking such a noise was made as to scare the game before them It was almost im possible for them to take deer buffalo or other wild game under such circumstances They were then required to depend upon finding bear or coon trees These their quick and practiced eye would soon detect when they came across them but they were not always easily found and it was often days before they would come upon one of them They often saved themselves from starvation by digging hickory nuts walnuts and other nuts out from under the snow The territory of Ohio furnished an ideal home for the Indians The climate was excellent and the streams abounded with fish and the forests with game The red deer was abundant and the buffalo and elk were found in considerable numbers in certain portions of the state These and other large animals furnished food for the Indians and their hides furnished covering for their lodges and clothing for their persons The waters of the State at certain seasons of the year were alive with myriads of wild fowl of which we can now have no conception as to numbers These added greatly to the sustenance of the Indians No portion of the country was more favorable for forest life After the settlement at Franklinton it soon became a trading point for the Indians particularly the Wyandots and the hunters of this tribe continued to maintain their hunting camps along the Scioto and other streams of Franklin County for several years after the war of 1812 was closed I have often heard from my father David Taylor who came to this county in 1807 that they came to hunt in this county as late as 1820 and one hunter in particular with whom my father was well acquainted and who was known to the white people by the name of Billy Wyandot maintained his camp every winter at the first ravine north of the National Road on the west bank of Walnut Creek where there was and now is a fine spring On the 21st of June 1813 there was a great council of the chief and principal men of the Wyandot Delaware Shawnee and Seneca tribes about fifty in number held in Franklinton to meet General Harrison in a conference about the war then in progress James B Gardiner who was then the editor and proprietor of a weekly paper published in Franklinton called the Freeman's Chronicle was present and in the next issue of his paper which was on the 25th of June 1813 he made a report of this conference We have in our possession a copy of that paper and believing it to be the only one in existence we quote from it as follows After some preliminary remarks of a general character General Harrison said to the Indians That in order to give the US a guarantee of their good dispositions the friendly tribes should either move with their families into the settlements or their warriors should accompany him in the ensuing campaign and fight for the US To this proposal the warriors present unanimously agreed and observed that they had long been anxious for an opportunity to fight for the Americans The editor adds We cannot recollect the precise remarks that were made by the chiefs who spoke but Tarhe the Crane who is the principal chief of the Wyandots and the oldest Indian in the western wilds appeared to represent the whole assembly and professed in the name of the friendly tribes the most indissoluble attachment for the American government and a determination to adhere to the treaty of Greenville The General promised to let the several tribes know when he would want their services and further cautioned them that all who went with him must contorm to his mode of warfare not to kill or injure old men women children nor prisoners The General then informed the chiefs of the agreement made by Proctor to deliver him to Tecumseh in case the British succeeded in taking Fort Meigs and promised them that if he should be successful he would deliver Proctor into their hands on condition that they should do him no other harm than to put a petticoat on him For said he none but a cozvard or a squazu would kill a prisoner The council broke up in the afternoon and the Indians departed next day for their respective towns It will be remembered in this connection in the last days of April 1813 General Harrison was concentrating his troops for battle with the English under General Proctor and the Indians under Tecumseh at Fort Meigs at the rapids of the Maumee The English and Indians undertook to surprise him and take the fort before the main body of the American troops had arrived They laid siege to Fort Meigs with great determination but were finally defeated and compelled to abandon the enterprise It was to encourage the Indians to valor at this siege that General Proctor made his promise to them to deliver General Harrison into the hands of Tecumseh if he should be successful in reducing the fort In a report made by General Harrison to the Secretary of War March 22nd 1814 he says The Wyandots of Sandusky have adhered to us throughout the war Their chief the Crane is a venerable intelligent and upright man In the same report speaking of Black Hoof Wolf and Lewis all Shawnee chiefs he says They are attached to us from principles as well as interest They are all honest men Through the influence of Crane Leatherlips and others the Wyandots of Sandusky refused to take part in the war but the Wyandots of Detroit were led away by the influences of their chiefs Walk in the Water and Roundhead and other turbulent spirits and furnished more than 100 warriors to Tecumseh and the English under Proctor but were utterly defeated at the Battle of the Thames in October 1813 and their leader killed and their military power broken It is not quite 150 years since the first white man of which we have knowledge passed this locality In 1751 Christopher Gist accompanied by George Croughtan and Andrew Montour passed over the Indian trail from the forks of the Ohio to the Indian towns on the Miami Gist was the agent of an English and Virginia land company On January 17th 1751 he and his party were at the great swamp in what is now Licking County known to us as the Pigeon Roost or Bloody Run Swamp which is five miles northwest from the Licking Reservoir and one half mile south of the line of the National Road From thence they proceeded to the Miami Towns which were in the region of Xenia and Springfield This trail led them over or very near to the site of Columbus We have reason to believe that they crossed the Scioto at or near the mouth of the Olentangy The next white man that we know of who did certainly pass along the Scioto River and visit this vicinity was James Smith who was a captive among the Indians and who hunted and camped with them on the Darby somewhere in the neighborhood of Plain City as early as 1757 What is now called the Darby was then the Olentangy and Smith with his Indian companions hunted and trapped along the Darby and the Scioto both in the winter of 1757 and 1758 In his narrative we learn that at the end of the first winter's hunt they made a bark canoe and started down the Olentangy now the Darby but as the water was low they were required to wait for high water somewhere almost directly west from here where the Chief Tecaughretanego after having made his ablutions prayed to the Great Spirit as follows Grant that on this voyage we may frequently kill bears as they may cross the Scioto and Sandusky Grant that we may kill plenty of turkeys along the banks to stew with our fat bear meat Grant that rain may come to raise the Olentangy about 2 or 3 feet that we may cross in safety down to Scioto without danger to our canoe being wrecked on the rocks and now O Great Being thou knowest how matters stand thou knowest I am a great lover of tobacco and though I know not when I may get any more I now make a present of the last I have unto thee as a free burnt offering therefore I expect thou wilt hear and grant these requests and I thy servant will return thee thanks and love thee for thy gifts James Smith's Captivity page 96 In a few days the rains did come and raised the Olentangy so that they passed safely down to its confluence with the Scioto at the present town of Circleville from which point they passed up the Scioto and over into the Sandusky and on to Lake Erie and Detroit where their stock of furs which they had taken during the winter was disposed of to traders The next year they hunted along the Scioto ar d Olentangy and the following year he escaped back to his home in Virginia He was the first man to describe the country and the character of the land and the forests along the Scioto Speaking of the country along the Scioto from Circleville up to the carry in Marion County he says From the mouth of Olentangy on the east side of Scioto up to carrying place there is a large body of first and second rate land and tolerably well watered The timber is ash sugar tree walnut locust oak and beech In so far as we know or can discover this is the first description ever written of the country where Columbus now stands Just when the Darby obtained its new name and lost its Indian name of Olentangy is not known but it was as early as the year 1796 as we know by the early surveys along that stream The new name was no doubt given to it by the early surveyors On the 10th of May 1803 the court convened in Frank linton with John Dill Chief Judge and David Jamison and Joseph Foos Associate Judges who were attended by Lucas Sullivant Clerk of the Court They then proceeded to lay off Franklin County into four Townships as required by an act of the Legislature of the State of Ohio It was by that order that all of that part of Franklin County within the following limits was embraced to wit Beginning at the forks of Darby Creek now Georges ville running thence south to the line between the counties of Ross and Franklin thence east with said line till it intersects the Scioto River thence up the same till it comes to a point one mile on a straight line above the mouth of Roaring Run Hayden's Falls and from thence to the point of beginning to constitute the township to be called Franklin Township This included the territory on which we are assembled to day In the year 1833 Colonel James Kilbourne then being a member of the Legislature of Ohio had an act passed giving Indian names to a number of streams in Central Ohio and by that act substituted the name of Olentangy for the then common name of Whetstone The original Indian name of the present Olentangy was Keenhong She Con or Whetstone Creek See American Pioneer Vol I p 55 One of the reasons stated in the act for changing the names was that some of them were devoid of modesty A stream in the eastern part of the County now generally called Big Walnut was by the early white settlers called Big Belly and by this act the name was changed to Gahannah The Indian name of that stream was Whingy Mahoni Sepung or Big Lick Creek The Indian name of what is now called Alum Creek was Seeklic Se pung or Salt Lick Creek The term Sepung was always added to the name proper of a running stream and means running water and was applied to all running streams Immediately after the peace of 1814 the settlers began to arrive in Franklin County and Central Ohio in considerable pum bers The Indians continued to trade at Franklinton and Columbus and to maintain their hunting camps along the various streams of the county being at peace with the white settlers About the year 1820 game had become scarce and the Indians ceased to hunt much so far south as Franklin County In 1830 the Congress and Senate of the United States adopted a policy for the removal of the Indians to the west of the Mississippi River and passed a law entitled An act to provide for an exchange of lands with the Indians residing within any of the states or territories and for their removal west of the River Mississippi This was approved by the President of the United States May 28th 1830 and pursuant to its general provisions all the Indian tribes were removed from Ohio to the west of the Mississippi within the next few years and the state of Ohio after centuries of occupancy by the red race ceased forever to be the home of the Indian.

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