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Note: James P. Graham came to Plymouth county, Iowa ca 1868, settled as a homesteader in section 12 in 1871, Perry twp Plymouth county, Iowa (about 2 miles west of Hinton). He came from Canada and died in 1872 when a load of hay tipped on him when he was on his way to Sioux City (from Walter Graham). They raised their family on the George Jepson farm, section 32, about 5 miles west of James, Iowa.
The name Graham in Ireland was brought to the country by Scottish settlers in the seventeenth century. The native Gaelic O'Greachain Sept also adopted Graham as the anglicized version of their name as well as Gormley and Grehan. The Sept was located in County Westmeath and Graham now ranks among the seventy most frequently found names in Ireland.
The major period of emigration from Cork County, Ireland, was after the Great Famine of 1847. Emigrants went chiefly to the USA, Canada and Australia with large numbers settling in the US State of Oregon. Rural County Cork was heavily populated at the time of the Great Famine. A large portion of the population lived almost exclusively on potatoes. Mortality was high after the potato crop failed, due to fever and starvation.
Cork is in the province of Munster and is the largest county in Southern Ireland. Its major towns are Bandon, Cohb, Cork, Fermoy, Kinsale, Mallow, Skibbereen, and Youghal. Cork was one of the worst affected areas in the Great Famine of 1845-47, losing 200,000 persons (one-quarter of the total population) between 1841 and 1851. Of these, 150,000 died and 50,000 emigrated.
Bandon is situated 19miles (40km) from Cork City on N71. It is a small market town, and also a great region for angling. The town was founded by Richard Boyle, The great Earl of Cork who acquired vast Munster Estates and planted them with English and Scottish settlers.
1861 Census: Peel twp, Wellington County, Ontario- Roman Catholic: James 39 b Ireland, Margaret 26 b Ontario, Mary 7, Joseph 5, John 3, Catherine 1, next door to brother John.
The township of Peel was named after Sir Robert Peel, Prime Minister of Great Britain. It was surveyed in 1843 by P.L.S. R.W. Kerr, and contains and area of 74,627 acres. It had been held for a number of years as a Clergy Reserve and was known as the "Queen's Bush". This wild block of land was covered with magnificent forest, and being level, well watered, and possessing a soil of a rich clay loam, was very attractive to would-be settlers, and it was not long after the surround townships became filled up, before some bolder than the rest settled upon the land as squatters.Finally the government was forced to take over the land and open it up for settlers at from 3$ to 3.50$ and acre. The settlement commenced about the year 1840, and the township filled up rapidly. In the southern part of the township, a great many negroes came in, who had been assisted to escape from slavery, by the Abolition societies of the United States. Many of these negroes were squatters, and sold their rights to the white people. Very few of them are left now, as they were unsuited to the cold winters of this climate, and few of them were provident enough to save money and aquire property. The early settlers were mostly from Britain, though some Germans settled in the extreme south end. The middle portions were largely English, while Irish were in the majority in the north.
The main entry point to Ontario, was by ship, via Quebec province, and the Irish often settled there for a while before venturing into Ontario and beyond.
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